Surrogacy in United States: Laws, Costs, Process and Providers

New York's Child-Parent Security Act took effect on February 15, 2021 and created a state framework for gestational-surrogacy agreements, surrogate protections, parentage, and licensing of gestational-surrogacy organizations.

Sources: [2] The New York State Child-Parent Security Act: Gestational Surrogacy

The New York Department of Health states that Child-Parent Security Act protections apply when the gestational carrier resides in New York and/or delivers in New York; this scope cannot be generalized to other states.

Sources: [2] The New York State Child-Parent Security Act: Gestational Surrogacy

Which current statutes, court procedures, and birth-record rules apply in every state and territory?

Next check: Attach current official legal, court, and vital-record sources for each state and territory before claiming national coverage.

No released evidence currently answers: Who may pursue surrogacy?

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No released evidence currently answers: How can relationship, marital status, or sexuality affect the route?

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No released evidence currently answers: What genetic-link requirements need confirmation?

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California Family Code section 7962 sets procedural requirements for assisted-reproduction agreements for gestational carriers, including separate independent licensed attorneys and execution before medication or embryo-transfer procedures begin.

Sources: [1] California Family Code section 7962

No released evidence currently answers: How do clinics, laboratories, and treatment fit into the route?

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No released evidence currently answers: What donor-gamete and embryo questions need checking?

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No released evidence currently answers: What compensation and expense rules apply?

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No released evidence currently answers: How are agreements formed and enforced?

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The reviewed California and New York materials use state-specific agreement, parentage, and procedural safeguards; they do not support a single nationwide parentage or birth-record workflow.

Sources: [1] California Family Code section 7962, [2] The New York State Child-Parent Security Act: Gestational Surrogacy

Which passport, citizenship, exit, and home-recognition steps apply to each intended-parent home country?

Next check: Link destination birth and parentage records to home-country embassy, nationality, registry, recognition, and adoption records without inferring one from the other.

No released evidence currently answers: What is the typical process?

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No released evidence currently answers: How does agency selection and matching work?

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An anonymized Surrogacy101 intended-parent sample supports a 6–12 month planning range for matching, with observed cases from 5 to 36 months. Clinic requirements, family profile, compensation, state, and rematching can materially change the wait.

Sources: [4] Surrogacy101 anonymous U.S. intended-parent matching aggregate, 2025-2026

What are the current matching and stage durations by state, provider model, and family profile?

Next check: Collect provider-published stage durations and independent aggregate observations with period, sample size, and scope.

What are comparable current line-item ranges by state and journey configuration?

Next check: Collect dated fee schedules, escrow terms, insurance reviews, clinic estimates, carrier benefits, rematch terms, and newborn exclusions without merging incompatible packages.

Provider-published full-service agency planning range: USD 190,000–240,000. Inclusions differ materially; some exclude intended-parent IVF and egg-donor costs. This is a market signal, not a quote or synthetic total.

Sources: [5] Circle Surrogacy: Journey Protection fixed-cost program, [7] ConceiveAbilities: All-In surrogacy program pricing

Provider-published U.S. IVF planning range: USD 25,000–50,000, potentially higher. Medication, monitoring, retrieval, embryo creation, transfer, PGT, storage, donor services, and repeat cycles vary.

Sources: [6] Circle Surrogacy: intended-parent IVF cost context, [8] Illume Fertility: U.S. surrogacy and IVF cost guide

California Family Code section 7962 contains safeguards for funds deposited under a gestational-carrier agreement, including use of an independent licensed attorney or independent bonded escrow depository. This is a payment-control rule, not a market-price estimate.

Sources: [1] California Family Code section 7962

Angels Creation Reproductive Center

agency

Sources: [3] Licensed Gestational Surrogacy Organizations

Babytree Surrogacy, Inc.

agency

Sources: [3] Licensed Gestational Surrogacy Organizations

Circle Surrogacy, LLC

agency

Sources: [3] Licensed Gestational Surrogacy Organizations

ConceiveAbilities

agency

Sources: [3] Licensed Gestational Surrogacy Organizations

New York State Department of Health

government body

Sources: [2] The New York State Child-Parent Security Act: Gestational Surrogacy

Worldwide Surrogacy Specialists LLC

agency

Sources: [3] Licensed Gestational Surrogacy Organizations

Is the agency, clinic, law-firm, escrow, insurer, and matching-platform registry complete across all operating states?

Next check: Reconcile state licensing lists, professional directories, clinic registries, and provider sites; retain closures and aliases as dated status events.

No released evidence currently answers: What documented cases are available?

Next check: Collect current official or independent sources that answer this section for United States.

New York's Child-Parent Security Act framework took effect on February 15, 2021; the current dossier keeps its New York scope separate from other states.

Sources: [2] The New York State Child-Parent Security Act: Gestational Surrogacy

What are comparable current line-item ranges by state and journey configuration?

Next check: Collect dated fee schedules, escrow terms, insurance reviews, clinic estimates, carrier benefits, rematch terms, and newborn exclusions without merging incompatible packages.

Which passport, citizenship, exit, and home-recognition steps apply to each intended-parent home country?

Next check: Link destination birth and parentage records to home-country embassy, nationality, registry, recognition, and adoption records without inferring one from the other.

Is the agency, clinic, law-firm, escrow, insurer, and matching-platform registry complete across all operating states?

Next check: Reconcile state licensing lists, professional directories, clinic registries, and provider sites; retain closures and aliases as dated status events.

Which current statutes, court procedures, and birth-record rules apply in every state and territory?

Next check: Attach current official legal, court, and vital-record sources for each state and territory before claiming national coverage.

What are the current matching and stage durations by state, provider model, and family profile?

Next check: Collect provider-published stage durations and independent aggregate observations with period, sample size, and scope.